Fatores associados às velocidades de ganho de peso e de comprimento nos primeiros seis meses de vida / Factors associated with length and weight gain rates during the first six months of life

Resumo O estudo teve como objetivo verificar os fatores associados às velocidades de ganho de peso (VGP) e de comprimento (VGC) de lactentes nos primeiros quatro a seis meses de vida. Estudo transversal, com análise de dados secundários, no qual foram obtidas informações em prontuários de atendimento de 371 lactentes acompanhados por um Programa de Apoio à Lactação. Foram calculadas as VGP e VGC em lactentes do nascimento aos quatro a seis meses de vida. Foram investigados os fatores associados às VGP e VGC por meio de regressão linear múltipla. Verificou-se que os lactentes do sexo feminino e os que não estavam em aleitamento materno exclusivo ou predominante apresentaram menor VGP aos quatro a seis meses. Os lactentes cujas mães não viviam com companheiro, os filhos de mães que trabalhavam fora do lar e as que realizaram menos de seis consultas no pré-natal apresentaram menor VGC. Lactentes com maior comprimento ao nascer também apresentaram menor VGC aos quatro a seis meses. Os resultados deste estudo evidenciam a diversidade de fatores que podem estar associados às VGP e VGC nos primeiros meses de vida, como a prática do aleitamento materno, a atenção pré-natal e as variáveis socioeconômicas. A identificação precoce dos fatores relacionados ao crescimento de lactentes pode direcionar ações para promoção do adequado desenvolvimento nessa fase.

The study aimed to verify factors associated with weight (WGR) and length (LGR) gain rates of infants during their first 4 to 6 months of life. A cross-sectional study with secondary data analysis, that collected information on medical charts of 371 infants followed during their first six months of life by the Lactation Support Program. The WGR and length LGR gain of infants from birth to 4-6 months old were calculated. Factors associated with WGR and LGR were examined by multiple linear regression analysis. We found that female infants and those that were not exclusively or predominantly breastfed had lower WGR at 4-6 months. Infants whose mothers were not living with a partner, infants of working mothers, and mothers that had less than six prenatal visits during their pregnancy had a lower LGR. Infants with a greater birth length also had a lower LGR at 4-6 months. The results of this study highlight the diversity of factors the may be associated with the length and weight gain rate during the first months of life, such as breastfeeding, prenatal care and socioeconomic variables. The early identification of factors related to infants growth can direct actions promote a proper development on that stage.

Fatores associados à dislipidemia em crianças de 4 a 7 anos de idade / Associated factors with dyslipidemia in children 4 to 7 years old

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil lipídico e fatores associados à dislipidemia em crianças. Métodos: Estudo transversal que avaliou crianças de 4 a 7 anos acompanhadas nos primeiros meses de vida por um Programa de Extensão da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Foram consideradas as dosagens de colesterol total, lipoproteína de alta densidade, lipoproteína de baixa densidade e triglicerídeos. Foram estudadas variáveis possivelmente associadas ao perfil lipídico, sendo elas variáveis maternas, sociodemográficas e aquelas associadas à criança. Foram realizadas análises bivariada e multivariadas, sendo as últimas por meio de regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 185 crianças, de ambos os sexos. Observou-se que 46,5% (n=86) apresentaram valores aumentados de colesterol total, 9,2% (n=17) de lipoproteína de baixa densidade e 4,9% (n=9) de triglicerídeos. Com relação à lipoproteína de alta densidade, 35,1% (n=65) apresentaram valores abaixo do desejável. Demonstrou associação independente com o perfil lipídico das crianças a renda per capita, escolaridade materna e idade materna (associando-se à lipoproteína de baixa densidade) e o excesso de peso, que se associou a maiores prevalências de alterações em triglicerídeos. Conclusão: Foram observadas altas prevalências de dislipidemias. Condições sociodemográficas e estado nutricional demonstraram influenciar, também em crianças, a ocorrência de dislipidemias, as quais são citadas como fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares. Revela-se a importância de se estudar esses fatores desde a infância, realizando-se estudos com outras faixas etárias que verifiquem a prevalência e fatores associados, de forma a promover o cuidado com a saúde desse grupo populacional. .

Objective: To evaluate the lipid profile and associated factors with dyslipidemia in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study that evaluated children 4-7 years old, followed the first months of life in a Program of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Performed biochemical measurements were total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and triglycerides. The variables possibly associated with lipid profile were maternal variables, sociodemographic and those associated with the child. Bivariate and multivariate analyses have been done, the latter by multiple logistic regressions. Results: The sample consisted of 185 children, both genders. It was observed that 46.5% (n=86) showed increased levels of total cholesterol, 9.2% (n=17) of low density lipoprotein and 4.9% (n=9) in triglycerides. With relation to the high density lipoprotein, 35.1% (n=65) had values less than desirable. Demonstrated an independent association with the lipid profile of children the per capita income, maternal education and maternal age (with low density lipoprotein) and overweight, which was associated with a higher prevalence of changes in triglycerides. Conclusion: High prevalence of dyslipidemia were observed. Sociodemographic conditions and nutritional status demonstrated influence, also in children, the occurrence of dyslipidemia, which are cited as risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Reveals the importance of studying these factors since childhood, performing studies with other age groups to check the prevalence and associated factors to promote the health care of this population group. .

Influence of weight gain rate on early life nutritional status and body composition of children.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of the weight gain rate at 4-6 months on nutritional status and body composition in children between 4 and 7 years of age. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study, sample of 257 children. Data collection was performed in two stages, with the first relating to retrospective data of weight gain from birth to the first 4-6 months of life in the patient records. Measurements of weight, height, waist circumference, and body composition in children between ages 4 and 7 years were obtained. Nutritional status was assessed by the BMI/age. Control variables, such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, lifestyle, and sociodemographics, were studied. Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression were performed. RESULTS: In the nutritional status assessment, the prevalence of overweight observed was 24.9%. After adjusting for control variables, it was found that the increase of the WGR at 4-6 months of age explained the occurrence of higher BMI/age, percentage of total body fat, body fat percentage in the android region, and waist circumference in children between 4 and 7 years of age. CONCLUSION: The increase of the WGR in the first months of life can lead to the occurrence of higher values of parameters of nutritional status and body composition in later life.